Which law now governs personal data protection in India?

Reviewed by: Santosh Raut
Senior IT Architect & Privacy Technology Consultant
Last Updated: 05 June 2026

Answer:

Personal data protection in India is governed by the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, read with the Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (notified 14 November 2025). Together they regulate how organisations collect, use, store and share the personal data of individuals (Data Principals) located in India, and establish the Data Protection Board of India to enforce the law.
dpdp act 2023 rules 2025 governing law india personal data